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Republic of Artsakh

Public Asia

Public Asia

Active 3 years ago

Artsakh, officially the Republic of Artsakh (/ˈɑːrtsɑːx, -sæx/; Armenian: Արցախի Հանրապետութ... View more

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Artsakh, officially the Republic of Artsakh (/ˈɑːrtsɑːx, -sæx/; Armenian: Արցախի Հանրապետություն, romanized: Artsakhi Hanrapetutyun), formerly the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (/nəˌɡɔːrnoʊ kærəˈbæk/; Russian: Нагорно-Карабахская Республика, НКР, romanized: Nagorno-Karabakhskaya Respublika, NKR, Armenian: Լեռնային Ղարաբաղի Հանրապետություն, ԼՂՀ), is a breakaway state in the South Caucasus, whose territory is internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan. Artsakh controls a part of the former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast, including the capital of Stepanakert. It is an enclave within Azerbaijan. Its only overland access route to Armenia is via the 5 km (3.1 mi) wide Lachin corridor which is under the control of Russian peacekeepers.

The predominantly Armenian-populated region of Nagorno-Karabakh was claimed by both the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and the First Republic of Armenia when both countries became independent in 1918 after the fall of the Russian Empire, and a brief war over the region broke out in 1920. The dispute was largely shelved after the Soviet Union established control over the area, and created the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) within the Azerbaijan SSR in 1923. In the leadup to the fall of the Soviet Union, the region re-emerged as a source of dispute between Armenia and Azerbaijan. In 1991, a referendum held in the NKAO and the neighbouring Shahumyan Province resulted in a declaration of independence. Ethnic conflict led to the 1991–1994 Nagorno-Karabakh War. Conflict has sporadically broken out since then, most significantly in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.

Artsakh is a presidential democracy with a unicameral legislature. The country is reliant on and closely integrated with Armenia, in many ways functioning de facto as part of Armenia.

The country is very mountainous, averaging 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) above sea level. The population is 99.7% ethnic Armenian, and the primary spoken language is the Armenian language. The population is overwhelmingly Christian, most being affiliated with the Armenian Apostolic Church. Several historical monasteries are popular with tourists, mostly from the Armenian diaspora, as most travel can take place only between Armenia and Artsakh.

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Republic of Artsakh

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